18 research outputs found
Using association rule mining to enrich semantic concepts for video retrieval
In order to achieve true content-based information retrieval on video we should analyse and index video with
high-level semantic concepts in addition to using user-generated tags and structured metadata like title, date,
etc. However the range of such high-level semantic concepts, detected either manually or automatically,
usually limited compared to the richness of information content in video and the potential vocabulary of
available concepts for indexing. Even though there is work to improve the performance of individual concept
classiïŹers, we should strive to make the best use of whatever partial sets of semantic concept occurrences
are available to us. We describe in this paper our method for using association rule mining to automatically
enrich the representation of video content through a set of semantic concepts based on concept co-occurrence
patterns. We describe our experiments on the TRECVid 2005 video corpus annotated with the 449 concepts
of the LSCOM ontology. The evaluation of our results shows the usefulness of our approach
Sumatriptan effects on morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence: The role of nitric oxide
Sumatriptan, a 5HT (5-hydroxytryptamine)1B/1D receptor agonist, showed neuroprotection in different studies.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of sumatriptan on morphine-induced antinociceptive
tolerance and physical dependence. We also investigated the possible role of nitric oxide (NO) on sumatriptan
effects.
Tolerance was induced by morphine injection (50, 50, 75 mg/kg) three times daily for five days.
Antinociceptive latency after acute and chronic treatment with sumatriptan (0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg) was
measured by hot plate test in morphine-dependent animals. To investigate the possible involvement of NO,
different isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors including L-NAME, aminoguanidine and 7-nitroindazole
were co-administered with sumatriptan. Nitrite level in mice hippocampus was quantified by Griess
method. To examine the role of sumatriptan on physical dependence, three parameters of withdrawal signs were
recorded after injection of naloxone (4 mg/kg).
Acute treatment with sumatriptan (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg) attenuated the antinociceptive tolerance
(P < 0.001). Chronic injection of sumatriptan (0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg), as well, decreased the antinociceptive
tolerance (P < 0.001). Moreover, co-administration of NOS inhibitors prevented the effects of sumatriptan.
Sumatriptan significantly increased the level of nitrite only after chronic administration. Sumatriptan
administration showed no alteration in naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs.
Acute and chronic administration of sumatriptan attenuated morphine antinociceptive tolerance; at least in
chronic phase via nitrergic pathway. Our data did not support beneficial effects of sumatriptan on morphineinduced physical dependence in mice
User oriented query language for MPEG-7 and MPEG-7 API.
We propose to represent the "basic behaviors" of MPEG-7 description tools as a set of constructor, operator and function signatures. This way of making explicit the behavior of datatypes using function signatures is commonly used to formalize data models.A major advantage of this proposal is that, based on signatures, functions can be implemented using different algorithms and technologies, which could be considered as an MPEG-7 API. It?s important to note that the specification of signatures and their description is application independent. It therefore respects one of the major features of MPEG-7, which is "application independency". Implementations of the functions? cores are clearly out of the scope of the standard. Inevitably, the use of an MPEG-7 API makes building MPEG-7 applications easier and more effective as developers would not be totally dependent on the understanding of the MPEG-7 semantics and examples part
How to retrieve multimedia documents described by MPEG-7
Abstract. The âSemantic Web â aims at enhancing the functionality of the current web to bring âmeaningâ to the content of web pages so that to considerably improve the access to this content. Bringing meaning to multimedia content is the aim of the MPEG-7 standard. However, merely attaching MPEG-7 descriptions to multimedia content does not necessarily make access to this type of content more effective. For MPEG-7 to considerably improve the access to multimedia content, we first require means to make the multimedia content searchable according to specific application contexts and user needs. This paper describes the development and implementation of the Semantic Views Query Language, which provides an abstract model reflecting the user retrieval needs and behaviours. A second requirement is to consider features specific to MPEG-7 descriptions, i.e. a mixture of content and factual knowledge, and structure, in providing a relevance-based ranking of multimedia material according to user information needs. This paper describes the development and implementation of a Retrieval Model for MPEG-7 annotated multimedia content, which encompasses these features in a uniform manner. 1
A Knowledge-Based Approach to Semi-Automatic Annotation of Multimedia Documents Via User Adaption
Current approaches to the annotation process focus on annotation schemas, languages for annotation, or are very application driven. In this paper it is proposed that a more flexible architecture for annotation requires a knowledge component to allow for flexible search and navigation of the annotated material. In particular, it is claimed that a general approach must take into account the needs, competencies, and goals of the producers, annotators, and consumers of the annotated material. We propose that a user-model based approach is, therefore, necessary. 1. Introduction Text annotation is already a rich domain with many divergent points of views concerning the annotation schema to adopt. When we add multimedia or multi - modal information in this context the complexity greatl increases. Such multimedia and multi-modal information already exists in large quantities, so we are already faced with these problems. Standards and guidelines, even those currently proposed, are not i..
L'intelligence artificielle au service des réseaux ::le projet Grid Data Digger
Comment garantir un fonctionnement optimal et sĂ©curisĂ© des rĂ©seaux de distribution dâĂ©lectricitĂ© dans un contexte dâĂ©volution constante? La plateforme «Grid Data Digger» utilise des mĂ©thodes dâanalyse de donnĂ©es massives (big data) et dâapprentissage automatique (machine learning) pour aider les gestionnaires de rĂ©seaux Ă relever ce dĂ©fi